FAQs

A TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) solar cell is an N-Type silicon solar cell that uses an ultra-thin tunnel oxide layer and a doped polysilicon layer to reduce electron recombination at the back surface. This design increases efficiency over standard PERC cells, generally reaching 24-26%.

An N-type TOPCon solar cell are built using N-type silicon wafers (phosphorus-doped) rather than P-type silicon, which was used in previous technologies. When combined with the TOPCon passivation layer, N-type cells provide improved efficiency, reduced degradation rates, and superior performance in high-temperature and low-light environments.

Yes. Yes. Celloraa Energy is developing a 1.2 GW N-Type TOPCon G12R solar cell manufacturing facility in Surat, Gujarat, with equipment and technology from German partners RENA Technologies, Centrotherm, and ISC Konstanz.

TOPCon cells are made from N-type silicon and a passivated rear contact to achieve higher efficiency (25.2%+) and less degradation. In contrast, PERC cells use P-type silicon with a simpler passivation layer, resulting in a typical efficiency of 22-23%. TOPCon also operates better in high-temperature environments and has a longer operating life.

Celloraa Energy’s solar cell manufacturing facility is located in Surat, Gujarat, India. The facility is being built as a 1.2 GW N-Type TOPCon G12R manufacturing line.

Celloraa Energy uses N-Type TOPCon G12R technology, with core manufacturing equipment provided by German technology partners RENA Technologies (wet chemical processing), Centrotherm (thermal, diffusion, and coating systems), and ISC Konstanz (cell and process knowledge).

Celloraa Energy’s factory in Surat, Gujarat, is set to produce 1.2 GW of N-Type TOPCon G12R solar cells.

ALMM (Approved List of Models and Manufacturers) is India’s mandated government registry for solar cell and module manufacturers, which is essential for participation in government-linked and subsidy-backed solar projects. Manufacturers on ALMM List-II must source cells domestically, making List-II compliance a critical procurement requirement for Indian module manufacturers.

India is investing in domestic solar cell manufacture to minimise reliance on imported cells, improve energy security, and satisfy renewable energy and net-zero ambitions. Government projects such as PLI and ALMM aim to increase local manufacturing capability and establish a self-sufficient solar supply chain.

The PLI Scheme for Solar Manufacturing is a government incentive program that provides cash benefits to enterprises that establish and scale domestic solar cell and module manufacturing, based on production output and local value addition. Its goal is to lessen India’s reliance on imports while also developing a competitive, integrated solar supply chain.

Yes. Celloraa Energy’s major target customer base consists of non-integrated module manufacturers who create solar modules but do not have in-house cell manufacturing, notably those required to meet ALMM List-II domestic sourcing standards.

EPC companies can obtain N-Type TOPCon solar cells from Celloraa Energy by contacting its sales team directly to discuss volume requirements, delivery terms, and supply agreements. Celloraa also provides long-term contracts for project-based and utility-scale procurement needs.

N-type solar cells are more efficient because its silicon base has less impurities that cause recombination, resulting in longer electron lifetimes. This corresponds to increased conversion efficiency, less degradation over time, and improved performance in hot and low-light environments.

A solar cell is a single semiconductor device that turns sunlight into energy, whereas a solar panel (or module) is a collection of several solar cells that are connected, encapsulated, and framed for installation. Depending on the size and use, one panel can hold 46-144 cells.

Celloraa Energy stands out by focusing on N-Type TOPCon G12R technology, German-engineered production lines (RENA, Centrotherm, and ISC Konstanz), and a go-to-market strategy centred on ALMM List-II compliance, which directly serves non-integrated module manufacturers who must source cells domestically.

Yes. Celloraa Energy provides long-term Cell Supply Agreements based on volume commitments, delivery terms, and pricing agreements targeted to module manufacturers, EPCs, and IPPs.

TOPCon solar cells are manufactured by wafer texturing, boron diffusion, tunnel oxide layer deposition, polysilicon deposition, passivation (SiNx coating), laser processing, screen printing of metal contacts, and firing, followed by testing and sorting. The procedure requires precise thermal and chemical control at every stage.